Surveying Engineering, which is also called Geomatics Engineering, deals with issues related to the earth. In other words, this field is the science, technique and art of collecting spatial information and processing and analyzing them for different purposes.
What is the mapping?
Mapping is the science and art of preparing a map by determining the position of points and measuring the distances and angles between them. In other words, taking complications and their image on map surfaces is the main goal of its branch. Activities in this field of engineering can be divided into three main parts:
Land surveying: Receiving points on the surface of the earth with one of the available methods and using tools such as
mapping cameras
,
GPS or GNSS mapping
, UAV or classic outdoor mapping operation is known as the first step in map preparation
Office operations : Calculations and processing necessary to remove or adjust errors in the collection and preparation of data using existing relationships and software for drawing maps is part of the mapping activity. It is done in the office environment.
Drawing the map: The map is the final output of all the steps taken by the surveyor and is known as the product of this process. At this stage, the surveyor draws the map according to the existing rules and regulations. .
Types of Mapping
Depending on the purpose of the mapping project as well as the assumptions that are considered for the project, mapping can be divided into two main categories:
Planar: Planar mapping deals with small areas on the earth's surface and assuming the earth is flat. Therefore, the curvature of the earth is ignored and no correction for the curvature of the earth will be applied to the measurements. It is for lower level controls. For this type of mapping, very precise standards are needed and it covers relatively large areas (for example, a country). In this type of mapping, it is very important to consider the curvature of the earth.